SERVO MOTOR CONTROL USING PIC16F877A
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SERVO MOTOR |
Servo motors are used to control many things as it offers very precise rotation of 1 degree. For this it uses the feedback from a potentiometer connected.
For controlling the angle it require a pulse of certain duty cycle which can be achieved using the pulse with modulation (PWM) signal.
- For 0 degree it takes a 800us pulse (us = microseconds)
- For 90 degree it takes a 1500us pulse
- For 180 degree it takes a 2200us pulse
Note:- This pulse can vary with different model of servo motor.
We can control is using the PIC16F877A
For this we have to understand the PWM working of the micro-controller.
PIC has overall 3 timers
We will use the TIMER1 for generating the PWM
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Register Associated with TIMER1 as a TIMER/COUNTER
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TIMER1 Control Register |
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TIMER1 Block Diagram
The prescaler value is set to 1:1
The Crystal frequency used is 20MHz
You can connect the Bluetooth and send the command to control the angle of the servo motor.
- If the data received is 0 the motor rotates to 0 degree
- If the data received is 1 the motor rotates to 90 degree
- If the data received is 2 the motor rotates to 180 degree
Note:- Compiler or the software used here is MikroC pro for PIC
THE CODE: -
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/*code for generating 800us, 1500us and 2200us pulse for controlling servo motor 0, 90 and 180 degree
Send the code from the bluetooth to the PIC16F877A for conrolling the angles
Crystal oscillator connected is 20MHz
Author:- ASHISH KUMAR */
char a; //char for recieving data from bluetooth
unsigned lval=0x60;
unsigned hval=0xF0;
void interrupt(){
if(TMR1IF_bit){
PORTB.F0=!PORTB.F0;
TMR1L=lval;
TMR1H=hval;
TMR1IF_bit=0;
}
if(PIR1.F5)
{
while(PIR1.F5==0);
a=RCREG;
if(a=='0'){ //for 800us pulse (0 degree)
lval=0x60;
hval=0xF0;
}
else if(a=='1'){ //for 1500us pulse (90 degree)
lval=0xB4;
hval=0xE2;
}
else if(a=='2'){ //for 2200us pulse (180 degree)
lval=0x08;
hval=0xD5;
}
}
}
void main(){
OPTION_REG= 0x87;
TRISB.F0=0x00;
T1CON.F5=0;
T1CON.F4=0;
TMR1L=lval;
TMR1H=hval;
TMR1IE_bit=1;
INTCON.GIE=1;
INTCON.PEIE=1;
TMR1ON_bit=1;
TRISC.F6=0;
TRISC.F7=1;
SPBRG=32;
TXSTA=0x20;
RCSTA=0x90;
PIE1.F5=1;
PIE1.F4=0;
while(1){
//write your code
}
}
SIMULATION OUTPUT: -
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Proteus Simulations |
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Pulse Output |
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800us Pulse |
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1500us Pulse |
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2200us Pulse
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